Performance Analysis of Non Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Using Search Based Energy Detection

Almost 80 to 90 percent of the radio spectrum is left unutilized at any period of time, while at the same time some other regions of spectrum experience overcrowding. We consider a dynamic spectrum access system in which Secondary Users (SUs) choose to either acquire dedicated spectrum or to use spectrum-holes (white spaces) which belong to Primary Users (PUs). The tradeoff incorporated in this decision is between immediate yet costly transmission and free but delayed transmission (a consequence of both the possible appearance of PUs and sharing the spectrum holes with multiple SUs). Cognitive radio is a smart radio that can identify the idle frequencies (also termed as spectral holes or white spaces) and allot them for the use of unlicensed secondary users. The basic functionality of a cognitive radio is to sense the spectrum accurately by avoiding any chances for interfering with primary or licensed users. Spectrum sensing can be performed either in cooperative or non-cooperative method. This paper performs Non cooperative spectrum sensing, using search based energy detection technique (SBED). The idea is to utilize nodes to convey the signal transmitted from primary user to the fusion center and then estimate the presence or absence of primary activities in the spectrum.